Play with Shapes

Objectives :

 * To distinguish straight lines and curved lines
 * To identify 2-D shapes rectangle, square, triangle, circle by their names
 * To describes the various 2-D shapes by counting their sides,  corners  - Creates shapes through paper folding, paper cutting.  - Make shapes on the dot-grid using straight  and curved lines.  - Sorts, Classifies and describes the objects on the basis of shapes, and other observable properties.  - Create patterns using shapes using tangram pieces
 * To intuitively think about objects around their surroundings and gets a qualitative feel for their geometrical attributes

Edges and Corners
Process:


 * Start a conversation using Google map by showing students their school location and asking them different ways to come to  school from different places and connect it into concept called  point, where students have to understand point is used to locate  object/define location.


 * Show a sample route map in Google  maps and  then ask  them to draw  a route  map from their house to school by connecting different stations  (places)
 * Next, using strings, show any one route map and ask students to observe different roads which are curves and straight
 * Then, ask students to write  straight lines by folding paper,  or using  straight edged objects, or even also  drawing  lines with  a ruler. Curved  edges can be drawn by means of a string or can be drawn free  hand as well
 * Introduce children to the basic geometric ideas such as corners and edges by taking the examples from their surroundings and  ask them how they will describe those objects  ex: Book, table, duster, pebbles, scale, etc and ball, plate,  wall clock, etc.,


 * With different examples, ask students to observe top of two tables boundaries and discuss what they noticed between them.  Whether the two tables tops are same or different.
 * Following that discuss about what are edges and corners and tell the definitions, Edge is the segment  joining two vertices in a closed  figure and there are two types,  one is curved and other  one is straight.
 * Two are more edges meeting point called as Corner. Students  have to show edges and corners in different objects which are  available in the classroom.

Shapes
Process :


 * Shapes and their properties are introduced to children by means of a skit.  They  are divided into groups and given two different scripts  for  enacting.
 * Divide students into groups of 8-10
 * Each group is given a story to enact where they assume the characters of different geometric shapes
 * Concepts related to the shape/family of shapes are conveyed through the story
 * After students have enacted the stories, the facilitator consolidates the concepts covered through discussions and  explanations where necessary

What are open and closed shapes?

A closed shape is an enclosed shape or figure whose line segments and/or curves are connected or meet end to end. Closed shapes start and end at the same point.

Children start looking for shapes in nature, all around them, and there by discover many symmetries and acquire a sense of aesthetics.

In our daily lives, we come into contact with a variety of objects. Have you ever considered their shapes? Why and how do different objects have different shapes?.

Choose any nearby object and observe its structure. Begin at any point on the object and see if you can trace its entire boundary and return to the same point where you started and distinguishes between closed and open shapes. Consider some examples.

In letter C, M and L, as you can see, it does not end at the point where it starts, so it is an open shape. The ends of an open shape do not meet.

When we draw an open shape, the point where you start will not be the same as the point where you end.

Take a look at the letters O, D and B. Because its starting and ending points are the same, we can call it a closed shape.

In a closed shape, the endpoint of the shape meets the point where it began. The least number of sides a closed shape can have is 3, which is named Triangle.

A Triangle is a three-sided closed figure having three vertices.

A Quadrilateral is a four-sided closed shape having four vertices. Square, rectangle, rhombus, parallelogram, and trapezium are some examples of quadrilaterals.

Think about me:

Facilitator projects the picture to the class and ask students to write how many closed shapes are there and what are the different shapes are there? in their notebook and discuss the following questions;


 * Name 3 squares using their points. How do you know these are squares? Explain.
 * Name 5 triangles using its points. How do you know these are a triangle? Explain different types of triangles? Scalene, equilateral  and Isoceles triangles
 * Name 3 rectangles using their points. How do you know these are rectangles? Explain.

Students practice the concepts in lab they have learnt :

1. In a pair students have to working in the given Geogebra file in which they have to match the shapes with their names – https://www.geogebra.org/m/bz5e7cq8.

Set of closed shapes are created followed with list of names, students have to drag and drop the relevant names for the particular shapes and check their scored marks after complete it.

2. Students have to create different closed shapes on the geoboard in geogebra file using segment tool- https://www.geogebra.org/m/dqf6jgsh

3. Facilitator show the video for students to understand tangram puzzles- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aEoXIQIPajU and following that ask students to working on geogebra files- https://www.geogebra.org/m/hnjaqcdr and https://www.geogebra.org/m/g3pxakfm. Geogebra files contains different tangram patterns created with different closed shapes, Students have to recreate that patterns using given 7 pieces of shapes by moving and rotating objects in the geogebra graphics and name the shapes which are included in the patterns.

Do this activity :


 * 1) Make different pouches such as – straight edge figures vs.  curved edge figures, closed shape vs. open shapes, Triangles vs.  Quadrilaterals vs. pentagon vs hexagon etc.,  - Students have to pick the play cards from the bowl which  contains collection of shape cards and put it into the relevant  pouch