Bureaucrats, oversight, Administrators
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[http://www.karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Social_Science:_History '''What are social sciences''']
[http://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Social_Science:_History '''What are social sciences''']
|style=" width:10%; border:none; border-radius:5px;box-shadow: 10px 10px 10px #888888; background:#f9f9ff; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; "|[http://www.karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Social_Science:_Philosophy '''Philosophy of Social Sciences''']
|style=" width:10%; border:none; border-radius:5px;box-shadow: 10px 10px 10px #888888; background:#f9f9ff; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; "|[http://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Social_Science:_Philosophy '''Philosophy of Social Sciences''']
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[http://www.karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Social_Science:_Pedagogy '''Teaching of Social Sciences''']
[http://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Social_Science:_Pedagogy '''Teaching of Social Sciences''']
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[http://www.karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Social_Science:_Curriculum_and_Syllabus '''Curriculum and Syllabus''']
[http://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Social_Science:_Curriculum_and_Syllabus '''Curriculum and Syllabus''']
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[http://www.karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Social_Science:_Topics '''Topics in Social Science''']
[http://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Social_Science:_Topics '''Topics in Social Science''']
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[http://www.karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Text_Books#Social_Science_-_Textbooks '''Textbooks''']
[http://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Text_Books#Social_Science_-_Textbooks '''Textbooks''']
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[http://www.karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Social_Science:_Question_Papers '''Question Bank''']
[http://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Social_Science:_Question_Papers '''Question Bank''']
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= Concept Map =
= Concept Map =
__FORCETOC__
__FORCETOC__
[[File:Sectors of the Indian Economy.mm|Flash]]
= Textbook =
= Textbook =
To add textbook links, please follow these instructions to:
To add textbook links, please follow these instructions to:
([{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/textbook|action=edit}} Click to create the subpage])
([{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}/textbook|action=edit}} Click to create the subpage])
#[http://ncert.nic.in/NCERTS/textbook/textbook.htm?jess2=2-5 Karnataka Text Book Class IX - Chapter 2 Sectors Of Indian Economy ಭಾರತೀಯ ಅರ್ಥವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆಯ ವಲಯಗಳು => NCERT Text Book - Class 10th - Sectors Of The Indian Economy ]
[http://www.textbooksonline.tn.nic.in/Books/11/Std11-Econ-EM.pdf Tamil Nadu Class XI Economics text book] has chapters on Agriculture and Industry (primary and secondary sectors) and on Banking (tertiary sector)
[[File:TN Economics Class XI topics.png|200px]]
=Additional References=
=Additional References=
==How the topic is discussed in NCERT Books==
==How the topic is discussed in NCERT Books==
*The first section in chapter 2 of the NCERT Class X Text book in Economics - 'Understanding Economic development' is 'Notes for teachers'. This section explains the concept of sectors of an economy, what kind of activities/discussions with students can be carried out for helping them gain an understanding.
*The NCERT chapter provides a deeper explanation of the three sectors. It gives 'micro case studies' of people to help get an easier and better understanding of the sectoral classifications of the economy. For instance the challenges/problems of the agricultural sector is explained lcucidly giving the example of a woman-led household working on a small piece of un-irrigated land. Lakshmi and her family struggle on a small piece of land and grow one crop during the year. The case shows how by providing irrigation facilities, credit facilities, storage facilities etc, the Government can help her improve her agricultural practice, growing more crops during the year, storing and selling when prices are good etc. Such micro case studies can help student understand easier compared to third person / generic / macro statements.
[[Sectors_Indian_Economy_Nature_of_Labour#How_the_topic_is_discussed_in_NCERT_Books | NCERT case study of Kanta and Kamal for classification into organised and unorganised sector]]
*The classification in the NCERT books is clearer, it explains three ways of classifying (which is also shown in the concept map). The Karnataka text book deals with the ownership classification (public sector and private sector) within the discussions on the secondary sector (Industrial sector), however in the NCERT book, ownership is shown as a third way of classifying.
* The sections are sequenced well, at the ending of a section, the next section is introduced in a logical manner.
*The NCERT chapter has lots of pictures and drawings which can help in easier understanding of the text.
*The questions at the end of the chapter are also useful to read, the 'pick the odd one out' can be very useful in helping teacher identify if the student has understood the issues, by asking for an explanation of choosing one as the 'odd item'.
*The NCERT chapter also has useful tables/graphs (bar graphs) which give useful insights on the extent and growth of the different sectors in Indian economy
*Many project ideas suggested in the NCERT text book can help students understand the sectoral classification of the Indian economy
This NCERT chapter is a MUST READ for teachers before they prepare their lesson plan.
==Useful websites==
==Useful websites==
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tertiary_sector_of_the_economy
On insurance: http://www.kpmg.com/IN/en/IssuesAndInsights/ArticlesPublications/Documents/Insurance_industry_Road_ahead_FINAL.pdf
On communications: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communications_in_India
On health and demographics: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_India
On agriculture: http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2012/05/17/india-agriculture-issues-priorities
==Reference Books==
==Reference Books==
Economic & Political Weekly Supplement EPW, June 29, 2013. vol xlviII nos 26 & 27 - "The Stunted Structural Transformation of the Indian Economy Agriculture, Manufacturing and the Rural Non-Farm Sector" by Hans P Binswanger-Mkhize
Excerpt
"India’s economy has accelerated sharply since the late 1980s, but agriculture has not. The rural population and
labour force continue to rise, and rural-urban migration remains slow. Despite a rising labour productivity
differential between non-agriculture and agriculture, limited rural-urban migration and slow
agricultural growth, urban-rural consumption, income, and poverty differentials have not been rising.
Urban-rural spillovers have become important drivers of the rapidly growing rural non-farm sector, which now
generates the largest number of jobs in India. Rural non-farm self-employment is especially dynamic with
farm households diversifying into the sector to increase income. The bottling up of labour in rural areas means
that farm sizes will continue to decline, agriculture will continue its trend to feminisation, and part-time farming
will become the dominant farm model."
= Teaching Outlines =
= Teaching Outlines =
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*Estimated Time
*Estimated Time
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*Estimated Time
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Poor distribution and marketing facilities: Agricultural marketing is cumbersome and costly resulting in inadequate marketing of agricultural goods.
Poor distribution and marketing facilities: Agricultural marketing is cumbersome and costly resulting in inadequate marketing of agricultural goods.
===Activity No #1 Newspaper clippings on issues in Agriculture ===
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read your daily newspaper and select articles relating to agriculture issues for a month. Make a list of these issues and discuss in class
*Estimated Time
over a month to collect articles and one period for discussions
*Materials/ Resources needed
Newspapers, pen and paper
*Prerequisites/Instructions, if any
*Multimedia resources
Slide on Indian Agriculture
{{#widget:Iframe |url=http://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/11198477 |width=450 |height=360 |border=1 }}
*Relevant local connections - people, places and materials
Identify which of the issues reported is also relevant to your own village, in discussions with your parents and relatives
*Website interactives/ links
You can also see a video on [http://www.ndtv.com/video/player/policy-with-patnaik/what-plagues-indian-agriculture/91026 What are Indian Agriculture problems?]
*Process
*What questions can you ask
What are causes for these issues?
What can be done about these issues
*Assessments - incorporating elements of CCE
*Question Corner
Are such issues relating to agriculture across the entire country or more in some regions
===Activity No # ===
===Activity No # ===
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''[http://karnatakaeducation.org.in/?q=node/305 Click to Comment]''</div>
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*Estimated Time
*Materials/ Resources needed
*Prerequisites/Instructions, if any
*Multimedia resources
*Relevant local connections - people, places and materials
*Website interactives/ links
*Process
*What questions can you ask
*Assessments - incorporating elements of CCE
*Question Corner
==Key Idea 3 - Introduction to Secondary Sector==
What are the key ideas to be covered
===Learning objectives===
To understand about the key industries of Karnataka and India
To understand problems faced by India's secondary sector
===Notes for teachers===
As mentioned previously, the secondary sector uses natural goods produced by the primary sector and converts them into many kinds of manufactured goods. In India, manufacturing accounted for ~16% of the GDP in 2012 and 12% of employment. India's share in world manufacturing is 1.8%, compared to China's share of 13.7%. The top sub-sectors of the industrial sector in India are food products, basic metals, rubber and petrochemicals, chemicals and electrical machinery. Exhibit 3 on page 7 of this document gives a snapshot of Indian manufacturing.
National Manufacturing Policy: This is a government initiative aimed at increasing growth of the manufacturing sector in India. Its objectives are to increase the growth rate to 12-14% which will allow the sector to contribute to 25% of the GDP by 2025, increase the rate of growth of jobs to create 100 million additional jobs by 2025 and increase global competitiveness of Indian manufacturing, among others. More information about this policy can be found here.
More information about the manufacturing sector is available here.
Factors constraining the growth of Indian manufacturing:
Poor core infrastructure: Poor connectivity results in high logistics costs. For ex: a truck from Gurgaon to Mumbai has to pass through 36 checkpoints and takes up to 10 days to reach its final destination. 57% of goods in India are transported by road, compared to China's 22%. Road transport is inefficient and expensive, not to mention emissions-intensive.
Complex regulations: Industrialists have to work with complex regulations and procedures at central, state and local levels which deter them from investing in new ventures. For ex: a manufacturer has to comply with 70 regulations and file 100 returns a year.
High cost of capital: Rising costs of inputs such as labour, fuel, power, freight and inadequate access to credit etc. are all factors that inhibit growth of manufacturing.
Cumbersome land acquistion process: Multiple land acquisition policies, varied rules on how land can be acquired, compensation paid to land seller, etc. have impeded ease of executing new projects. Ex: Tata Motors' land acquisition in Singur
Labour issues: Low productivity, resolving labour disputes, and working with rigid, archaic labour laws are some labour-related issues impeding manufacturing growth
===Activity No # 1 See and discuss article on Industrial revolution===
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See
*Estimated Time
*Estimated Time
*Materials/ Resources needed
*Materials/ Resources needed
*Relevant local connections - people, places and materials
*Relevant local connections - people, places and materials
*Website interactives/ links
*Website interactives/ links
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Revolution Wikipedia page on Industrial Revolution]
*Process
*Process
*What questions can you ask
*What questions can you ask
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*Estimated Time
*Estimated Time
*Question Corner
*Question Corner
==Key Idea #==
==Key Idea 4 - Introduction to tertiary Sector==
What are the key ideas to be covered
What are the key ideas to be covered
===Learning objectives===
===Learning objectives===
To understand about the key services of Karnataka and India
To understand problems faced by India's tertiary sector
===Notes for teachers===
===Notes for teachers===
The tertiary sector is often called the service sector of the economy. People offer their knowledge and time to improve productivity, performance, potential, and sustainability. The tertiary sector supports the other two sectors. Banking, insurance, transport, communication, health, education and training are among some of the important examples of services offered by the tertiary sector.
Banking
[link to banking under Chapter 3: Money and Credit]
Insurance
Insurance is a form of protection against risk from one party to another in exchange for payment. Insurance in India, in its current form dates back to 1818 to the Oriental Life Insurance Company in Kolkata. The Government of India nationalized the life insurance sector in 1956 and established the Life Insurance Corporation. The General Insurance Corporation for general business needs was founded in 1971. The insurance sector was opened to other players in 2000, and has thrived since then. The sector is regulated by the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA) under the IRDA Act of 1999. The LIC is still the country's largest insurer and has about 65% of the market share for life insurance. Some examples of non-life insurance are motor insurance, fire insurance, marine insurance, health insurance etc. In 2012, motor insurance occupied 41% of the market, followed by health insurance at 23%. This report is a good overview of the insurance sector in India.
===Activity No # ===
Transport
India's transport sector contributed to 5.5% of the GDP in 2007, with road transport being the biggest contributor. Roads carry 90% of the country's passenger traffic and 65% of its freight. However, most Indian highways are congested and of poor quality. Moreover, 40% of India's villages do not have access to all-weather roads. Railways are the other form of land transport – in 2007 Indian Railways carried some 17 million passengers and 2 million tonnes of freight a day. Regarding water transport, India has 12 major ports and 187 intermediate and minor ports, and 7500 km coastiline. They help transport petroleum products, iron ore and coal among others. On air transport, India has 125 airports including 11 international aiports. Indian airports handled 96 million passengers and 1.5 million tonnes of cargo in 2006-07. This link contains some useful information about the challenges faced by the sector and some key government strategies to ease the sector.
Telecommunication
The different modes of communication include telephone, Internet, telegraphs and postal services. India's telecommunication network is the second largest in the world, based on total number of telephone users. It also has the world's third-largest Internet user base with over 137 million users as of June 2012. India's telecom sector is classified into mobile, fixed line and Internet services. The images below gives a snapshot of the key players in the market and India's National Telecom Policy, 2012. This link also gives a good background of the sector.
Health
India has a universal health care system run by the states. The Indian Constitution charges the state with 'raising the level of nutrition and the standard of living of its people and the improvement of public health' as one of its primary duties. India has a National Health Policy introduced in 1983 and amended in 2002. India's life expectancy at birth is 64 and 67 years for males and females respectively. The birth rate is 23.1 births per 1000 in 2005-10, and a death rate of 8.3 deaths per 1000, 2005-10. Its total health expenditure is 3.9% of the GDP. This page has a good profile of health in India.
This page has detailed information about health in India.
Education
In India, education is provided by the private and public sector. The total literacy rate in 2011 was 74%, 82% for males and 65% for females. Over 96% of all children between 6 and 14 years are enrolled in school in 2012. There are 1,306,992 schools in India according to the 2009 All India School Education Survey. The number of schools by management is given below:
Government: 524,234
Local Body: 140,765
Private Aided: 26,484
Private Unaided: 68,203
===Activity No #1 Identify the tertiary sector occupations in your village/town ===
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Identify by discussing with your teacher, parents, parents of friends,which are the common tertiary sector occupations in your village/town.Make a list and write a para about each occupation
*Estimated Time
*Estimated Time
One month
*Materials/ Resources needed
*Materials/ Resources needed
paper, pen
*Prerequisites/Instructions, if any
*Prerequisites/Instructions, if any
*Multimedia resources
*Multimedia resources
See slides on tertiary sector in Spain
{{#widget:Iframe |url=http://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/16158908 |width=450 |height=360 |border=1 }}
*Relevant local connections - people, places and materials
*Relevant local connections - people, places and materials
*Website interactives/ links
*Website interactives/ links
*Process
*Process
*What questions can you ask
*What questions can you ask
What are the popular tertiary sector occupations in your village?
What kind of qualifications are required for these occupations
*Assessments - incorporating elements of CCE
*Assessments - incorporating elements of CCE
*Question Corner
*Question Corner
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*Estimated Time
*Estimated Time
*Assessments - incorporating elements of CCE
*Assessments - incorporating elements of CCE
*Question Corner
*Question Corner
= Project Ideas =
= Project Ideas =
1. Collect information about the role of each sector in the economy for India and the USA. Analyse the differences between the two. Within India, which sectors are more prominent in which locations/states?
= Community Based Project =
= Community Based Project =
Interview people in your village/community working in different sectors (farming, animal husbandry, factory, public sector office / government job) and ask them the challenges faced by their sector
[[Category:Economics]]
[[Category:India]]
[[Category:Class_9]]
