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From Karnataka Open Educational Resources
DSERT Text Book for Computer Literacy (CL) and Computer Aided Learning (CAL) (view source)
Revision as of 02:06, 12 October 2014
, 02:06, 12 October 2014→4.Browsing the Internet
= 4.Browsing the Internet =
= 4.Browsing the Internet =
==Objectives ==
In this chapter, you will learn about
# Computer Network
# [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet Internet]
# Software and Hardware required to connect to the Internet
# World Wide Web and URLs
# Internet Browsers
# Browsing the Internet
==The Internet ==
How do we get electricity in our homes? Electricity flows through a network which is a connection of power lines, cables, towers and reaches our homes.
There are different kinds of networks; rail network, road network,telephone, water supply network and many more. A network is a connection of many components. Also, networks are shared by many people. Even computers can be connected in a network. A computer network is a group of two or more computer systems linked together. Computer networks can be broadly classifed as,
== The Internet ==
How do we get electricity in our homes? Electricity flows through a
network which is a connection of power lines, cables, towers and
reaches our homes.
There are different kinds of networks; rail network, road network,
telephone, water supply network and many more. A network is a
connection of many components. Also, networks are shared by many
people.
Even computers can be connected in a network. A computer network is a
group of two or more computer systems linked together. Computer
networks can be broadly classifed as,
* '''Local Area networks (LANs)''' ''':''' The computers are close together (may be, in the same building).
* '''Local Area networks (LANs)''' ''':''' The computers are close together (may be, in the same building).
''Hub''
''Hub''
In your lab, you must have seen all the computers (clients) connected
In your school or DIET lab, you must have seen all the computers (clients) connected to one main computer - “the server”. It is a LAN. The cables
to one main computer - “the server”. It is a LAN. The cables
from the clients are connected to a device called a 'hub', and the hub is connected to the server. A hub is a common connection point for devices in a network. Do you know what can be shared in a computer network? You can share files, information and even some hardware devices using a computer
from the clients are connected to a device called a 'hub', and the
hub is connected to the server. A hub is a common connection point
for devices in a network.
Do you know what can be shared in a computer network? You can share
files, information and even some hardware devices using a computer
network.
network.
What is the use of sharing information over a computer network? You might have booked train or bus tickets when you travel across the state. To book a ticket you need to find out which train or bus goes from your place to wherever you want to go and also if the tickets are available on the dates you want to travel. If your computer is connected to the computer in a railway reservation office which has the information about the trains and ticket availability, you can book tickets from home. Such a connection of computers is called an '''Internet connection.''' Information is communicated and shared between the two computers, through such an Internet connection.
If you want information about some book available in your library, you can connect to the library's computer from home and get the information that you want. There are many such computers in different organisations giving us different types of information. These computers are all connected to one another. This is called the '''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet Internet].''' So, for sharing or getting information from another computer on the Internet, you need a connection to the Internet.
'''What do you need to connect to the Internet?'''
*'''What do you need to connect to the Internet?'''
[[Image:ICT%20Phase%203%20%20-%20Resource%20Book%208th%20Standard%20ENGLISH%20-%2070%20Pages_html_b6ef5d3.png]]
[[Image:ICT%20Phase%203%20%20-%20Resource%20Book%208th%20Standard%20ENGLISH%20-%2070%20Pages_html_b6ef5d3.png]]
''Modem''
''Modem''
Before you can connect to the Internet, you must have a
Before you can connect to the Internet, you must have a computer, a modem (A modem is a hardware device that allows a computer to transmit data over telephone or cable lines) and access to a telephone line which is connected to the Internet and a software to connect.
computer, a modem (A modem is a hardware device that allows a
computer to transmit data over telephone or cable lines) and access
to a telephone line which is connected to the Internet and a software
to connect.
[[Image:ICT%20Phase%203%20%20-%20Resource%20Book%208th%20Standard%20ENGLISH%20-%2070%20Pages_html_m18aa5759.png]]
[[Image:ICT%20Phase%203%20%20-%20Resource%20Book%208th%20Standard%20ENGLISH%20-%2070%20Pages_html_m18aa5759.png]]
''Data
''Data card''
You can also use a device called data card for connecting to the internet without any wire connections. The data cards use the mobile phones network to connect to the internet. The connection software is provided usually by the service providers (which are mostly telephone companies). In Karnataka/India, companies like Airtel, BSNL, Vodaphone provide such services.
The connection software is provided usually by the service providers
(which are mostly telephone companies)
To know more about the history of the Internet, visit [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Internet Wikipedia]
== World Wide Web (WWW) ==
== World Wide Web (WWW) ==
There are millions of pages of shared information on the computers in the network, created by many people and organizations, in the form of 'web pages' accessed using a software application called a 'web browser'. This information network is called the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Wide_Web World Wide Web] (in short known as www). The source of information is called the web site. A web site is a collection of related web pages of information. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Wide_Web WWW] is one application on the Internet.
There are millions of pages of shared information on the computers in
the network, created by many people and organizations, in the form of
'web pages' accessed using a software application called a 'web
browser'. This information network is called the World Wide Web. The
source of information is called the web site. A web site is a
collection of related web pages of information.
== Web Browser ==
== Web Browser ==
[[Image:ICT%20Phase%203%20%20-%20Resource%20Book%208th%20Standard%20ENGLISH%20-%2070%20Pages_html_2853baf8.png]]Once you are connected to the Internet and are ready to look for things, you will need a software called the web Browser. There are many browsers available like Mozilla Firefox, Windows Internet Explorer, Apple's Safari, Google Chrome etc. All browsers will have similar functions. In this chapter you will learn to use Mozilla Firefox to
[[Image:ICT%20Phase%203%20%20-%20Resource%20Book%208th%20Standard%20ENGLISH%20-%2070%20Pages_html_2853baf8.png]]Once
browse the web. Browse the web means look for things on the internet. Click on the icon on your top panel to start the Firefox Internet browser when you are using Ubuntu. You will see a screen like this.
you are connected to the Internet and are ready to look for things,
you will need a software called the web Browser. There are many
browsers available like Mozilla Firefox, Windows Internet Explorer,
Apple's Safari, Google Chrome etc. All browsers will have similar
functions. In this chapter you will learn to use Mozilla Firefox to
browse the web. Browse
the web means look for things on the internet.
Click on the icon on your top panel to start the Firefox Internet
browser when you are using Ubuntu. You will see a screen like this.
[[Image:ICT%20Phase%203%20%20-%20Resource%20Book%208th%20Standard%20ENGLISH%20-%2070%20Pages_html_m6d5142b8.gif]][[Image:ICT%20Phase%203%20%20-%20Resource%20Book%208th%20Standard%20ENGLISH%20-%2070%20Pages_html_m1c8b9ecd.jpg|50px]]
[[Image:ICT%20Phase%203%20%20-%20Resource%20Book%208th%20Standard%20ENGLISH%20-%2070%20Pages_html_m6d5142b8.gif]][[Image:ICT%20Phase%203%20%20-%20Resource%20Book%208th%20Standard%20ENGLISH%20-%2070%20Pages_html_m1c8b9ecd.jpg|50px]]
[[Image:ICT%20Phase%203%20%20-%20Resource%20Book%208th%20Standard%20ENGLISH%20-%2070%20Pages_html_5057183e.gif]]
[[Image:ICT%20Phase%203%20%20-%20Resource%20Book%208th%20Standard%20ENGLISH%20-%2070%20Pages_html_5057183e.gif]]
A website is nothing but a folder on a computer connected to the Internet, which has an 'address ' . You will have to enter the address of a website in the address bar (see the picture). This address is also called Uniform Resource Locator (URL). In the address bar, type [[www.wikipedia.org]] and press enter. This is a website where you can find information on many subjects.
[[Image:ICT%20Phase%203%20%20-%20Resource%20Book%208th%20Standard%20ENGLISH%20-%2070%20Pages_html_292fca48.png]]
This website has information on many languages. Move the mouse pointer on English and you will find that the pointer has changed to a hand. These are links to other sections of the web site. They are called [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperlink hyperlinks]. A hyperlink is a mechanism by which a web page is linked to another related web page. Text, images can be made into hyper links. A [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperlink hyperlink] is usually underlined.
This website has information on many languages. Move the mouse
pointer on English and you will find that the pointer has changed to
a hand. These are links to other sections of the web site. They are
called hyperlinks. A hyperlink is a mechanism by which a web page is
linked to another related web page. Text, images can be made into
hyper links. A
hyperlink is usually underlined.
[[Image:ICT%20Phase%203%20%20-%20Resource%20Book%208th%20Standard%20ENGLISH%20-%2070%20Pages_html_1afcbe46.png]]
[[Image:ICT%20Phase%203%20%20-%20Resource%20Book%208th%20Standard%20ENGLISH%20-%2070%20Pages_html_1afcbe46.png]]
When you click on English, you get the information from the encyclopedia in English. There are different sections, if you look at the right hand top
There are different sections, if you look at the right hand top
corner, giving information about Arts, History, Maths, Science etc. You can click on Maths and search on a certain topic. Type multiplication in the search box that you see just above the different sections. You will get an article about Multiplication.
corner, giving information about Arts, History, Maths, Science etc.
You can click on Maths and search on a certain topic. Type
multiplication in the search box that you see just above the
different sections. You will get an article about Multiplication.
==Search Engine==
A search engine is used to search for information on the World Wide Web. It keeps a track of all web pages. We can search for information we want
'''Search Engines'''
by providing a word or a sentence to a search engine. Google search engin is a very popular search engine. In your browser's address bar type
"Google.co.in". In the search box you see type 'sachin tendulkar centuries'. You will see a list of all the webpages having information about Sachin
Tendulkar's centuries. You can click on the hyper links and get more information. There are other search engines too, such as [https://duckduckgo.com/ DuckDuckgo]. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DuckDuckGo DuckDuckgo] does not collect information about users and hence your privacy is protected.
== Lab exercises ==
== Lab exercises ==
== Visit the following websites ==
== Visit the following websites ==
# kn.wikipedia.org, Kannada.samachar.com, irctc.com rmsa.karnatakaeducation.org.in, dsert.kar.nic.in
# kn.wikipedia.org , kannada.samachar.com , irctc.com rmsa.karnatakaeducation.org.in dsert.kar.nic.in
# Search for information on your topic using [[http://.Google.co.in Google search engine] and [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DuckDuckGo DuckDuckgo] Duckduckgo] search engine.
# Search for NCERT Textbooks for Class VIII using google.com
'''Topics''' - Chose from - Aims of education, School and society, Community participation in education, teacher professional development, open educational resources, professional learning community, School development, School leadership, Leadership styles. Leadership theories
== Chapter summary ==
== Chapter summary ==
# Files, information and even some hardware devices can be shared using a computer network.
# Files, information and even some hardware devices can be shared using a computer network.
# Information is communicated and shared between the computers through an Internet connection.
# Information is communicated and shared between the computers through an Internet connection.
# A computer, modem and access to a telephone line which is connected to the Internet and a connection software is required to connect to the Internet.
# A computer, modem and access to a telephone line which is connected to the Internet and a connection software is required to connect to the Internet.
# A web site is a collection of related web pages of information.
# A web site is a collection of related web pages of information.
# A software application called a web browser is required to look for things on the Internet's World Wide Web.
# A software application called a web browser is required to look for things on the Internet's World Wide Web.
# A search engine is used to search for information on the World Wide Web
# A search engine is used to search for information on the World Wide Web
== Exercises ==
== Exercises ==
Choose the correct answer
Choose the correct answer
# Internet is a network of
# Internet is a network of
## Roads 2. Rails 3. Computers 4. Water pipes
## Roads 2. Rails 3. Computers 4. Water pipes
Say True or False
Say True or False
# Internet is a network of computers
# Internet is a network of computers
# A Modem is required to connect to the Internet without wires
# A Modem is required to connect to the Internet without wires
== Additional Resources ==
== Additional Resources ==
[[http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet]]
[[http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet]]
= 5.Mind mapping =
= 5.Mind mapping =
