Difference between revisions of "Introduction to ICT the computer"
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became faster, cheaper and smaller.Many transistors were connected together to form one IC. These computers had keyboard and monitor as input-output devices. (You will learn about input and output devices in the next chapter)... | became faster, cheaper and smaller.Many transistors were connected together to form one IC. These computers had keyboard and monitor as input-output devices. (You will learn about input and output devices in the next chapter)... |
Revision as of 17:30, 3 June 2014
Introduction to Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) – The computer |
Introduction to ICTs and computers |
Chapter objectivesIn this chapter, you will learn about
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Introduction to ICTs and computersYou must have heard of radio programmes like Keli kali in your school. You can see that radio, televisions, telephones, mobile phones are being used by everyone in their daily lives. Television and radio are used for giving (broadcasting) information while telephones including mobile phones are used to talk to (communicate with) your friends and family even if they are far away. Now you can carry a phone in your pocket. All these are Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) tools.
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What does a computer do ?In this chapter you will learn about computers, a new ICT tool. A computer is a device which takes input, processes it and gives output which can be stored and shared. When you enter data into your computer, it is called as input. An input can be data like text or picture or an instruction (what to do with the data). This data is processed (process means to perform a series of operations on a set of data) and you will get the output. Data or information that the computer generates is called the output.
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History of computers
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Integrated Circuit (IC)
During the early 1970s, with the invention of Integrated Circuits (IC) computers became faster, cheaper and smaller.
Many transistors were connected together to form one IC. These computers had keyboard and monitor as input-output devices. (You will learn about input and output devices in the next chapter).
Over
the last decade, the computers became so small that it could fit in a
hand. This was possible because of many integrated circuits on one
small square called a microprocessor or a chip which became the main
part of the computer. Mouse, an input device was developed. These
small and powerful computers were connected together to share
information between computers and this period saw the birth and
growth of Internet (you will study in detail about Internet in one of
the chapters).
Now-a-days,
we see smart phones and tablets (which are small touch screen
computers).
Uses of computers
Can you think of all the places where you have seen computers?
Computers
are used in many places like banks, schools, railway stations,
libraries, shopping complexes, and in various fields like education,
communications, business, research, development and many more.
Types of computers
Based
on the processing power, storage capacity and cost, computers are
classified as,
- Supercomputers - T'he most powerful computers.' They are used for highly complex problems like launching a rocket in the space or weather prediction. Supercomputers are used by universities and government agencies.
(b) Mainframe Computers - Usually slower, less powerful and cost less than supercomputers. They are used in large organisations, like banks and businesses.(c) Microcomputers, or personal computers - The small and low cost computers. Microcomputers are more commonly known as personal computers (PC). Personal computers are further classified as (a) Stationary (b) Mobile
Chapter summary
- Television, radio, telephone, mobile phones, computers and Internet are ICT tools.
- A computer is a device which takes input, processes it and gives output which can be stored and shared.
- A computer lets you do most of your daily jobs like writing a letter, solving problems, watching a film, playing games, listening to music and looking for things on the Internet.
- Latest computers are touch screen (using finger tips or stylus) computers. They are also called tablet PCs and smart phones.
Exercises
Choose the correct answer
- The output can be
- Stored
- Shared
- Both (1) and (2)
- Latest computers use
- Microprocessors
- Transistors
- Vacuum tubes
- A personal computer is also a
- Supercomputer
- Microcomputer
- Mainframe computer
Say true or false
- ICT stands for Important Communication Technology.
- The first computer was made of vacuum tubes.
- A netbook is a personal computer.
- Laptops are mainframes.
- Computers can be used to learn and solve mathematics.
Activity
Some
of the uses of computers in education is given below. Think of more
uses and complete the table.
Uses for students
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Uses for teachers
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Uses for school management
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Research any information
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As a teaching aid in the form of presentations
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Record keeping
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Create presentations of the projects they have to work on
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Create worksheets
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Timetable
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