Study of cells

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Learning objectives

1. All living organisms are made up of cells.
2. Cells are the structural and functional unit of an organism.
3. Cell consists of three distinct parts when observed through compound microscope-cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus.

Notes for teachers

This unit begins with how the cell was discovered by Robert Hook. This lead to the discovery of different types of microscopes.

1. Every organism is made up of one or more than one cells.The cell is the basic structural, functional and biological unit of all known living organisms. Cells are the smallest unit of life that can replicate independently, and are often called the "building blocks of life". The study of cells is called cell biology.Cells consist of a protoplasm enclosed within a membrane, which contains many biomolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids. Organisms can be classified as unicellular (consisting of a single cell; including most bacteria) or multicellular (including plants and animals). While the number of cells in plants and animals varies from species to species, humans contain about 100 trillion cells. Most plant and animal cells are visible only under the microscope, with dimensions between 1 and 100 micrometres.
2. The cell was discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665. The cell theory, first developed in 1839 by Matthias Jakob Schleiden and Theodor Schwann, states that all

organisms are composed of one or more cells, that all cells come from preexisting cells, that vital functions of an organism occur within cells, and that all cells contain the hereditary information necessary for regulating cell functions and for transmitting information to the next generation of cells.[5] Cells emerged on Earth at least 3.5 billion years ago.

1. There are different kinds of cells in plants and animals.
2. Cells control every activity that take place in an organism.

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