Changes

While creating a resource page, please click here for a resource creation [http://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Resource_Creation_Checklist '''checklist''']

While creating a resource page, please click here for a resource creation [http://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Resource_Creation_Checklist '''checklist''']

= Concept Map =

= Concept Map =

<mm>[[alernative energy resource.mm|Flash]]</mm> __FORCETOC__

[[File:alernative energy resource.mm|Flash]] __FORCETOC__

= Textbook =

= Textbook =

= Additional information =

= Additional information =

A '''solar thermal collector''' collects heat by absorbing sunlight. A collector is a device for capturing solar radiation. Solar radiation is energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation from the infrared (long) to the ultraviolet (short) wavelengths. The quantity of solar energy striking the Earth's surface averages about 1,000 watts per square meter under clear skies, depending upon weather conditions, location and orientation.

A '''solar thermal collector''' collects heat by absorbing sunlight. A collector is a device for capturing solar radiation. Solar radiation is energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation from the infrared (long) to the ultraviolet (short) wavelengths. The quantity of solar energy striking the Earth's surface averages about 1,000 watts per square meter under clear skies, depending upon weather conditions, location and orientation.

The term solar collector commonly refers to solar hot water panels, but may refer to installations such as solar parabolic troughs and solar towers; or basic installations such as solar air heaters. Solar power plants usually use the more complex collectors to generate electricity by heating a fluid to drive a turbine connected to an electrical generator.[1] Simple collectors are typically used in residential and commercial buildings for space heating.

The term solar collector commonly refers to solar hot water panels, but may refer to installations such as solar parabolic troughs and solar towers; or basic installations such as solar air heaters. Solar power A solar cell (also called a photovoltaic cell) is an electrical device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect. It is a form of photoelectric cell, defined as a device whose electrical characteristics—e.g. current, voltage, or resistance—vary when exposed to light.

When solar energy is absorbed in the water, its temperature increases, causing thermal expansion and reduced density. If the water were fresh, the low-density warm water would float to the surface, causing a convection current. The temperature gradient alone causes a density gradient that decreases with depth. However the salinity gradient forms a density gradient that increases with depth, and this counteracts the temperature gradient, thus preventing heat in the lower layers from moving upwards by convection and leaving the pond. This means that the temperature at the bottom of the pond will rise to over 90 °C while the temperature at the top of the pond is usually around 30 °C. You can see solar lake in buch in gujarath.

When solar energy is absorbed in the water, its temperature increases, causing thermal expansion and reduced density. If the water were fresh, the low-density warm water would float to the surface, causing a convection current. The temperature gradient alone causes a density gradient that decreases with depth. However the salinity gradient forms a density gradient that increases with depth, and this counteracts the temperature gradient, thus preventing heat in the lower layers from moving upwards by convection and leaving the pond. This means that the temperature at the bottom of the pond will rise to over 90 °C while the temperature at the top of the pond is usually around 30 °C. You can see solar lake in buch in gujarath.

The heat trapped in the salty bottom layer can be used for many different purposes, such as the heating of buildings or industrial hot water or to drive an organic Rankine cycle turbine or Stirling engine for generating electricity.

The heat trapped in the salty bottom layer can be used for many different purposes, such as the heating of buildings or industrial hot water or to drive an organic Rankine cycle turbine or Stirling engine for generating electricity.

 

'''Biodiesel''' refers to a vegetable oil- or animal fat-based diesel fuel consisting of long-chain alkyl (methyl, ethyl, or propyl) esters. Biodiesel is typically made by chemically reacting lipids (e.g., vegetable oil, animal fat  with an alcohol producing fatty acid esters.

<br>'''Biodiesel''' refers to a vegetable oil- or animal fat-based diesel fuel consisting of long-chain alkyl (methyl, ethyl, or propyl) esters. Biodiesel is typically made by chemically reacting lipids (e.g., vegetable oil, animal fat  with an alcohol producing fatty acid esters.

Biodiesel is meant to be used in standard diesel engines and is thus distinct from the vegetable and waste oils used to fuel converted diesel engines.  

Biodiesel is meant to be used in standard diesel engines and is thus distinct from the vegetable and waste oils used to fuel converted diesel engines.  

In its most narrow sense it is a synonym to biofuel, which is fuel derived from biological sources. In its broader sense it includes biomass, the biological material used as a biofuel, as well as the social, economic, scientific and technical fields associated with using biological sources for energy. This is a common misconception, as bioenergy is the energy extracted from the biomass, as the biomass is the fuel and the bioenergy is the energy contained in the fuel

In its most narrow sense it is a synonym to biofuel, which is fuel derived from biological sources. In its broader sense it includes biomass, the biological material used as a biofuel, as well as the social, economic, scientific and technical fields associated with using biological sources for energy. This is a common misconception, as bioenergy is the energy extracted from the biomass, as the biomass is the fuel and the bioenergy is the energy contained in the fuel

'''WIND ENERGY'''

'''wind energy'''

A windmill is a machine that converts the energy of wind into rotational energy by means of vanes called sails or blades. The reason for the name "windmill" is that the devices originally were developed for milling grain for food production; the name stuck when in the course of history, windmill machinery was adapted to supply power for many industrial and agricultural needs other than milling. The majority of modern windmills take the form of wind turbines used to generate electricity, or windpumps used to pump water, either for land drainage or to extract groundwater.

A windmill is a machine that converts the energy of wind into rotational energy by means of vanes called sails or blades. The reason for the name "windmill" is that the devices originally were developed for milling grain for food production; the name stuck when in the course of history, windmill machinery was adapted to supply power for many industrial and agricultural needs other than milling. The majority of modern windmills take the form of wind turbines used to generate electricity, or windpumps used to pump water, either for land drainage or to extract groundwater.

Tidal power, also called tidal energy, is a form of hydropower that converts the energy of tides into useful forms of power, mainly electricity.

Tidal power, also called tidal energy, is a form of hydropower that converts the energy of tides into useful forms of power, mainly electricity.

Although not yet widely used, tidal power has potential for future electricity generation. Tides are more predictable than wind energy and solar power. Among sources of renewable energy, tidal power has traditionally suffered from relatively high cost and limited availability of sites with sufficiently high tidal ranges or flow velocities, thus constricting its total availability. However, many recent technological developments and improvements, both in design (e.g. dynamic tidal power, tidal lagoons) and turbine technology (e.g. new axial turbines, cross flow turbines), indicate that the total availability of tidal power may be much higher than previously assumed, and that economic and environmental costs may be brought down to competitive levels.

Although not yet widely used, tidal power has potential for future electricity generation. Tides are more predictable than wind energy and solar power. Among sources of renewable energy, tidal power has traditionally suffered from relatively high cost and limited availability of sites with sufficiently high tidal ranges or flow velocities, thus constricting its total availability. However, many recent technological developments and improvements, both in design (e.g. dynamic tidal power, tidal lagoons) and turbine technology (e.g. new axial turbines, cross flow turbines), indicate that the total availability of tidal power may be much higher than previously assumed, and that economic and environmental costs may be brought down to competitive  

Waste-to-energy or energy-from-waste is the process of generating energy in the form of electricity and/or heat from the incineration of waste. WtE is a form of energy recovery. Most WtE processes produce electricity and/or heat directly through combustion, or produce a combustible fuel commodity, such as methane, methanol, ethanol or synthetic fuels.

Waste-to-energy or energy-from-waste is the process of generating energy in the form of electricity and/or heat from the combustion of organic substances. Most waste processes produce electricity and/or heat directly through combustion, or produce a combustible fuel for  daily usage, such as methane, methanol, ethanol or synthetic fuels.

   

   

Geothermal energy is thermal energy generated and stored in the Earth. Thermal energy is the energy that determines the temperature of matter. The geothermal energy of the Earth's crust originates from the original formation of the planet (20%) and from radioactive decay of minerals (80%). The geothermal gradient, which is the difference in temperature between the core of the planet and its surface, drives a continuous conduction of thermal energy in the form of heat from the core to the surface. The adjective geothermal originates from the Greek roots γη (ge), meaning earth, and θερμος (thermos), meaning hot.

Geothermal energy is thermal energy generated and stored in the Earth. Thermal energy is the energy that determines the temperature of matter. The geothermal energy of the Earth's crust originates from the original formation of the planet (20%) and from radioactive decay of minerals (80%). The geothermal gradient, which is the difference in temperature between the core of the planet and its surface, drives a continuous conduction of thermal energy in the form of heat from the core to the surface.

Earth's internal heat is thermal energy generated from radioactive decay and continual heat loss from Earth's formation.[2] Temperatures at the core–mantle boundary may reach over 4000 °C (7,200 °F). The high temperature and pressure in Earth's interior cause some rock to melt and solid mantle to behave plastically, resulting in portions of mantle convecting upward since it is lighter than the surrounding rock. Rock and water is heated in the crust, sometimes up to 370 °C (700 °F).

# www.conserve-energy-future.com[http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/]

# en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_energy[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_energy]

==Reference Books==

==Reference Books==

# ncert text book[[http://ncert.nic.in/NCERTS/textbook/textbook.htm?jesc1=14-16]]

# ncert text book[[http://ncert.nic.in/NCERTS/textbook/textbook.htm?jesc1=14-16]]

= Teaching Outlines =

= Teaching Outlines =

==Concept #1==

==Concept #1 solar energy==

===Learning objectives===

===Learning objectives===

===Notes for teachers===

===Notes for teachers===

''These are short notes that the teacher wants to share about the concept, any locally relevant information, specific instructions on what kind of methodology used and common misconceptions/mistakes.''

'''Introduction'''

Alternative resources of enrgy are solar energy, bio energy, bio diesel wind energy wave energy geo termal energy.the main purpose for the studing alternative energy is day by day sources of energy are depliting rapidly due to the increased  population.So we are looking towards the alternative energy resources . In this regard the alternative energy are the important issue now''<br>

We get enery from the sun in the form of solar radiation.It reaches the earth in the form of small wave packets called '''photons'''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photons].The source of solar energy is continuous '''thermo nuclear fussion'''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_fusion] taking place in the sun.

 

 

===Activities===

===Activities===

#Activity No #1 '''page_name_concept_name_activity1'''

Activity 1 - [[Alternative_energy_resources_solar_energy_activity_1|The Shoebox solar cooker]]

#Activity No #2 '''page_name_concept_name_activity2'''

 

 

==='''Question Corner'''===

#Why you should use renewable source of energy?

#Write brief explanation about geo thermal energy?

 

[http://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/'''Give the link of the page name from where activity was given''' Back]

===Learning objectives===

===Learning objectives===

===Notes for teachers===

===Notes for teachers===

===Activities===

===Activities===

===Notes for teachers===

===Notes for teachers===

===Activities===

===Activities===

#Activity No #1 '''page_name_concept_name_activity1'''

#Activity No #1 '''page_name_concept_name_activity1'''{{subst:Science-Activity}

#Activity No #2 '''page_name_concept_name_activity2'''

#Activity No #2 '''page_name_concept_name_activity2'''

#Activity No #1 '''page_name_concept_name_activity1'''

#Activity No #1 '''page_name_concept_name_activity1'''

#Activity No #2 '''page_name_concept_name_activity2'''

#Activity No #2 '''page_name_concept_name_activity2'''

=Assessment Activities for CCE=

=Assessment Activities for CCE=

= Fun corner =

= Fun corner =