Bureaucrats, oversight, Administrators
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= Concept Map =
= Concept Map =
[[File:Cities and Other Communities.mm|Flash]]
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= Textbook =
= Textbook =
To add textbook links, please follow these instructions to:
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==How the topic is discussed in NCERT Books==
==How the topic is discussed in NCERT Books==
==Useful websites==
==Useful websites==
http://www.sociologyguide.com/tribal-society/characteristics.php
http://www.ncert.nic.in/ncerts/textbook/textbook.htm?lesy1=3-7
http://www.ncert.nic.in/ncerts/textbook/textbook.htm?lesy2=0-8
==Reference Books==
==Reference Books==
===Learning objectives===
===Learning objectives===
===Notes for teachers===
===Notes for teachers===
#Both urban as well as rural areas of the country are facing a number of inter-connected developmental challenges today. Low growth rates in agricultural production and poor infrastructural investment in public sector have resulted in lack of livelihood opportunities in rural areas. This situation has played an important role in inducing out-migration from rural areas to the urban informal economy. However, lack of corresponding infrastructural development and planning has meant that cities have been unable to provide these migrants with basic amenities and services, like housing, sanitation, clean water supply- marring the urban landscape with inequalities of access.
#An important challenge that the tribal community is facing today can be attributed to national development policies that have benefitted the mainstream and played an important role in dispossessing the tribals of their land. This has been seen as a neccessary by-product of the exploitation of mineral rich and forest covered parts of the country that belonged to the tribals.Thus, tribals have had to pay a disproportionate price for the development of the rest of the society- in the form of land alienation and loss of livelihoods.
===Activity No # ===
===Activity No # ===
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[[Category:Sociology]]
[[Category:India]]
[[Category:Class_9]]