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Line 190: − + − + − ===Learning objectives===+ − + − + − ===Notes for teachers===+ − + − ===Activities===+ − #Activity No #1 '''Concept Name - Activity No.'''+ − + + + + Line 143:
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added Category:Physics using HotCat
<div style="width:150px;border:none; border-radius:10px;box-shadow: 5px 5px 5px #888888; background:#ffffff; vertical-align:top; text-align:center; padding:5px;">
<div style="width:150px;border:none; border-radius:10px;box-shadow: 5px 5px 5px #888888; background:#ffffff; vertical-align:top; text-align:center; padding:5px;">
''[http://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/index.php/ಉಷ್ಣ ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ನೋಡಿ]''</div>
''[http://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/index.php/ಉಷ್ಣ ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ನೋಡಿ]''</div>
= Concept Map =
== Concept Map ==
[[File:Heat.mm|Flash]]
=Atomic Structure =
==Additional Information==
=Additional Information=
=== Simulation on Energy forms and changes through Heat conduction ===
{{PhET|https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/energy-forms-and-changes/latest/energy-forms-and-changes_en.html}}
{{#widget:YouTube|id=UukRgqzk-KE}}
{{#widget:YouTube|id=sP5NwEkd3ds}}
[http://www.scienceinschool.org/2012/issue24/energy simple experiments on Effect of Heat,click here]
The deeper you dig, the hotter it gets. Why so? This 2 minute animated story '''''<nowiki/>'Why is it hot underground?'''''' tells you that.
{{#widget:YouTube|id=mOSpRzW2i_4}}
==Useful Websites==
==Useful Websites==
[http://physics.about.com/od/glossary/g/heat.htm Heat]<br>
[http://physics.about.com/od/glossary/g/heat.htm Heat]<br>
[http://physics.about.com/od/thermodynamics/p/thermodynamics.htm Thermodynamics]<br>
[http://physics.about.com/od/thermodynamics/p/thermodynamics.htm Thermodynamics]<br>
[http://physics.about.com/od/energyworkpower/f/KineticEnergy.htm Kinetic Energy]<br>
[http://physics.about.com/od/energyworkpower/f/KineticEnergy.htm Kinetic Energy]
<br>
==Reference Books==
==Reference Books==
== TamilNadu Textbook ==
== TamilNadu Textbook ==
*[http://www.textbooksonline.tn.nic.in/Books/Std09/Std09-III-SSS-EM-2.pdf Class - IX Heat and Gas Laws ]
*[http://www.textbooksonline.tn.nic.in/Books/Std09/Std09-III-SSS-EM-2.pdf Class - IX Heat and Gas Laws]
= Teaching Outlines: HEAT =
* Effects of heat : Expansion of solid, liquid and gases.
* Expansion of solids : Linear,superficial and volume expansion, it's practical examples.
* Bimetallic strip and it's applications.
* Expansion of Liquids : Anomalous expansion of water and its effect.
* Expansion of gases.
* Heat capacity : Meaning, some examples of high and low heat capacity.
* Specific heat : Meaning, consequences of high specific heat capacity of water.
= Teaching Outlines =
* Latent heat : Latent heat of fusion and Latent heat of vapourization.
* Numericals.
==Concept-1: Nature and Effects of Heat ==
* Nature of Heat
* Effects of heat : Expansion of solid, liquid and gases.
* Expansion of solids : Linear,superficial and volume expansion, it's practical examples.
* Bimetallic strip and it's applications.
* Expansion of Liquids : Anomalous expansion of water and its effect.
* Expansion of gases.
===Learning objectives===
===Learning objectives===
* Heat is a form of Energy.Sun is a primary source of Heat and Light.Transfer of heat takes place from hotter object to cold object till both reach the same temperature.It depends upon the speed of the particles,the number of particles and the size or mass and the type of particles in an object.
* Objects such as solid, liquid and gases generally increase in their size when heated. This effect of heat is called Expansion of objects/Thermal expansion.Other than this increase in temperature and Change of physical state are also the Effect of Heat.
#Explains the Nature of Heat.
#Identifies the effects of heat in everyday life.
#Explains the thermal expansion of solids,liquids and gases with examples.
#Mentions the applications of the thermal expansion of solids,liquids and gases.
#Describes the relation between the co-efficient of linear,superficial and volume expansion.
#Mentions the application of bimetallic strip in thermostat.
#Explains the anomalous expansion of water and mentions its consequences.
===Notes for teachers===
===Notes for teachers===
''These are short notes that the teacher wants to share about the concept, any locally relevant information, specific instructions on what kind of methodology used and common misconceptions/mistakes.
''These are short notes that the teacher wants to share about the concept, any locally relevant information, specific instructions on what kind of methodology used and common misconceptions/mistakes.''
===Activity #1 Thought Experiment to introduce heat ===
===Activity #1 Thought Experiment to introduce heat ===
* '''Estimated Time'''<br>
* '''Estimated Time'''<br>
#We saw that mechanical energy (rubbing, jumping) can produce heat. Can heat also move things? How does a steam engine work?
#We saw that mechanical energy (rubbing, jumping) can produce heat. Can heat also move things? How does a steam engine work?
==Concept 2: Introduction to Heat and Temperature ==
==Concept-2: Heat capacity==
* Heat capacity : Meaning, some examples of high and low heat capacity.
* Specific heat : Meaning, consequences of high specific heat capacity of water.
* Latent heat : Latent heat of fusion and Latent heat of vapourization.
* Numericals.
===Learning objectives===
===Learning objectives===
#Students must understand the nature of heat energy
* The capacity to hold Heat is different for different substances.This capacity of a substance to hold heat is expressed by a quantity called Thermal capacity/Heat capacity. Due to this property, either adding or removing heat from a substance can change its physical state.
#Appreciate the connection between heat and temperature
* When a substance changes its physical state, there will be no change in the structure of its molecules.The nature of the molecules of a substance will be same irrespective of its physical state.When a change of state occurs, then there will be a change in the attraction between the molecule distance and kinetic energy of the molecules will change.
#Defines heat capacity and specific heat.
#Gives examples for high and low heat capacity.
#Mentions the consequences of high specific heat capacity of water.
#Illustrates the latent heat of fusion and latent heat of vaporization.
#solves the Numericals using the formulae.
===Notes for teachers===
===Notes for teachers===
''These are short notes that the teacher wants to share about the concept, any locally relevant information, specific instructions on what kind of methodology used and common misconceptions/mistakes.
''These are short notes that the teacher wants to share about the concept, any locally relevant information, specific instructions on what kind of methodology used and common misconceptions/mistakes.''
When we touch something we often say it is hot or cold. Obviously we are referring to some property that feels different with respect to our own body and we refer to this as energy. We have also noticed that we feel hotness when we are near fire or a light or from the sun. The characteristic of matter we are referring to is the energy that is contained and transmitted; Every object possesses internal thermal energy contained in an object and this depends on the amount of the substance.
When we touch something we often say it is hot or cold. Obviously we are referring to some property that feels different with respect to our own body and we refer to this as energy. We have also noticed that we feel hotness when we are near fire or a light or from the sun. The characteristic of matter we are referring to is the energy that is contained and transmitted; Every object possesses internal thermal energy contained in an object and this depends on the amount of the substance.
* '''Question Corner'''
* '''Question Corner'''
==Concept #3 Heat engine==
===Activity #2 Explaining the Heat capacity of a substance ===
* ''' Estimated time ''' <br>
20 minutes <br><br>
* ''' Materials required''' <br>
Cylindrical tube of Aluminium,Iron and Copper,Boiling water and Wax plank.<br><br>
* '''Process''' <br>
#Take cylinders made of Aluminium,iron and copper having same mass and area of cross section.
#Place them in boiling water.
#After some time, the temperature of these cylinders will be equal to that of the boiling water.
#Activity No #2 '''Concept Name - Activity No.'''
#Remove these cylinders at the same temperature from boiling water and place them on plank made of wax. <br>
*'''Developmental questions''' <br>
#Which of these cylinders is found to penetrate deepest into the wax?
#Which of them has penetrated the least? Why?
= Project Ideas =
= Project Ideas =
Create a new page and type <nowiki>{{subst:Content}}</nowiki> to use this template
Create a new page and type <nowiki>{{subst:Content}}</nowiki> to use this template
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Physics]]