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Line 10: − * The most recent standard version, Ubuntu 17.04, was released on April, 2017.+ − * The most recent LTS version, Ubuntu 16.04 (Wily Werewolf), was released on April 21, 2016 − * The next version of Ubuntu, Ubuntu 17.10, will released in October 2017. Line 21:
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Line 79: − + − + − ====Repairing Grub/Repairing Ubuntu booting Problem(Grub====+ − <li>'''If you are not able to login Ubuntu and have any loading error, click [http://www.howtogeek.com/114884/how-to-repair-grub2-when-Ubuntu-wont-boot/ here] and follow these steps'''<br><br>[[#top|Back to top]]+ − ==== Adding new user account ====+ − − − <li> − − − Line 95:
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→Download Ubuntu (Kalpavriksha) software
===Introduction===
===Introduction===
Ubuntu is a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_and_open-source_software ‘Free and Open Source Software’] (called FOSS in short) [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system Operating System]. You may be familiar with Microsoft Windows operating system or used an application called Adobe Reader. Windows or Adobe Photoshop are ‘proprietary’ , meaning they cannot be copied or shared or modified by us; FOSS applications are licensed under the ‘General Public License’ which allows all of us to share the software freely, we can also modify the software as per our needs. Hence it is important to use FOSS in our schools. Teachers must learn and teach FOSS and avoid use of proprietary software, since it is not possible for all to access and use proprietary software, and not possible for anyone (other than the vendor) to study or improve the software.
Ubuntu is a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_and_open-source_software ‘Free and Open Source Software’] (called FOSS in short) [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system Operating System]. You may be familiar with Microsoft Windows operating system or used an application called Adobe Reader. Windows or Adobe Photoshop are ‘proprietary’ , meaning they cannot be copied or shared or modified by us; FOSS applications are licensed under the ‘[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License General Public License]’ which allows all of us to share the software freely, we can also modify the software as per our needs. Hence it is important to use FOSS in our schools. Teachers must learn and teach FOSS and avoid use of proprietary software, since it is not possible for all to access and use proprietary software, and not possible for anyone (other than the vendor) to study or improve the software.
Since all the software like Office suite, web browser, educational software can be bundled with Ubuntu GNU/Linux operating system, all these applications can be installed on the computer at one time. On proprietary software Windows, each software has to be separately installed, which can make it cumbersome and time consuming.
Since all the software like Office suite, web browser, educational software can be bundled with Ubuntu GNU/Linux operating system, all these applications can be installed on the computer at one time. On proprietary software Windows, each software has to be separately installed, which can make it cumbersome and time consuming.
Ubuntu releases new versions every six months, and always supports them for at least 18 months with daily security fixes and patches to critical bugs. Some releases are designated as Long Term Support (LTS) versions, which have three years support for the desktop and five years for the server editions. It is intended that new LTS versions will be released every two years.
Ubuntu releases new versions every six months, and always supports them for at least 18 months with daily security fixes and patches to critical bugs. Some releases are designated as Long Term Support (LTS) versions, which have three years support for the desktop and five years for the server editions. It is intended that new LTS versions will be released every two years.
Go through [https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Releases this link] to know more about Ubuntu versions.
====Ubuntu benefits====
====Ubuntu benefits====
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=== Recommended minimum requirements for Ubuntu installation ===
==== Hardware requirement for Ubuntu installation ====
==== Hardware requirement for Ubuntu installation ====
# Dual core processor and above
# Minimum dual core processor and above
# 1 GB RAM (2GB for preferable for better performance)
# Minimum 4 GB of RAM
# 30 GB of Separate partition in your hard-drive
# 40 GB of separate EMPTY partition in your computer hard-drive
# Either a CD/DVD drive or a USB port for the installer media
# Either a CD/DVD drive or a USB port for the installer media
# You will also need the Ubuntu software in a DVD or in a pen drive (as a boot-able USB device).
You will also need the Ubuntu software in a DVD or in a pen drive (as a boot-able USB device). You can download the software from [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BwTV-oNEYKZBYjZsYWFmbDNNMjg/view?usp=sharing this link].
==== Download Ubuntu (Kalpavriksha) software ====
After you download Ubuntu16.04_dist.iso from the above link, follow below steps to put it in dvd or pen drive for installation.
You need to download "Ubuntu(Kalpavriksha).iso" file from the below link<blockquote>'''[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1WP2IPw6d3NKYXYQT4tJhCVqxUx71Wj5l/view?usp=sharing CLICK HERE TO DOWNLOAD UBUNTU 20.04]'''</blockquote>After you download "'''Kalpavriksha-20.04.iso'''" from the above link, now you need to burn it into either DVD or you need to make bootable pendrive.
To verify the integrity of the downloaded iso file, you can use the command <tt>md5sum <filename.iso></tt>. The output of the command should be '''eee48cce1240d0cfa860ea1e05d587e1'''
# To make Ubuntu DVD in windows platform, follow this [http://www.tutonics.com/2012/07/how-to-create-bootable-live-cddvd.html#Windows link]
# To make Ubuntu DVD in windows platform, follow this [http://www.tutonics.com/2012/07/how-to-create-bootable-live-cddvd.html#Windows link]
# To make Ubuntu DVD in Ubuntu plat form, follow this [http://www.ubuntubuzz.com/2015/04/how-to-burn-iso-dvd-with-k3b.html link]
# To make Ubuntu DVD in Ubuntu plat form, follow this [http://www.ubuntubuzz.com/2015/04/how-to-burn-iso-dvd-with-k3b.html link]
# To make Ubuntu bootable pendrive, follow this [https://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows link]
To make Ubuntu USB bootable device, you will need a USB drive with minimum 4GB or more. '''This process will delete all data on the USB drive.''' Make sure to backup any existing data on the USB drive.
# To make Ubuntu bootable pendrive on Windows machine, You’ll need to install a third-party software to create a USB bootable drive. Follow this [https://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows link] for the detail instruction.
==Installation process==
==Installation process==
If you are installing in a computer already in use, you should take a back-up of your data before installation.
If you are installing in a computer already in use, you should take a back-up of your data before installation.
===Installing Ubuntu alongside Windows Operating System===
You may have bought a new computer with Microsoft Windows pre-installed, or you may want to install Ubuntu in your existing computer, which already has Windows on it.
'''''<u>[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1hL99CH_pjCUzz9Yw4h75iSmZRX17Gq1Z/view?usp=sharing Click here to know the Ubuntu installation steps alongside windows]</u>'''''
===Installing Ubuntu as a stand-alone Operating System ===
===Installing Ubuntu as a stand-alone Operating System ===
If your computer does not have any operating system and if you want install Ubuntu in it.
If your computer '''does not have''' any Operating System and you want to install Ubuntu in it, follow the below handout.
[https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BwTV-oNEYKZBUUstUGNBcmNMUkU/view '''''<u>Click here to know the installation steps to install as stand alone</u>''''']
[https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BwTV-oNEYKZBUUstUGNBcmNMUkU/view '''''<u>Click here to know the installation steps to install as stand alone</u>''''']
=== Upgrade installed Ubuntu to the latest version ===
=== Upgrade installed Ubuntu to the latest version ===
Always benefits of upgrading or updating software’s to the latest release is hardware support, more Stability, new software's. <br>Use Kalpavriksha latest Ubuntu dvd to upgrade.
Always benefits of upgrading or updating software’s to the latest release is hardware support, more Stability, new software's.
[https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BwTV-oNEYKZBQ2YzT2hrUTI4ejQ/view '''<u>''Click here to know the installation steps for up-gradation''</u>''']
[https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BwTV-oNEYKZBQ2YzT2hrUTI4ejQ/view '''<u>''Click here to know the installation steps for up-gradation''</u>''']
(*Of course, you should discuss with your institution, the benefits of using FOSS tools and platforms and encourage and persuade them to be open to allowing staff to installing FOSS tools on their systems. Such installation can be done alongside other applications on the computers, so there is no flip side to this. Many institutions across the world have switched completely to FOSS operating systems and applications, and you should persuade your institution as well.)
(*Of course, you should discuss with your institution, the benefits of using FOSS tools and platforms and encourage and persuade them to be open to allowing staff to installing FOSS tools on their systems. Such installation can be done alongside other applications on the computers, so there is no flip side to this. Many institutions across the world have switched completely to FOSS operating systems and applications, and you should persuade your institution as well.)
===General problems or steps for after Ubuntu Installation===
==After Ubuntu Installation==
=== Adding new user account ===
# Open system settings (Applications==>>System tools==>>System settings)
# click on User accounts.
<li>[[image:User_accounts.png |400px]]
#Open system settings (Applications==>>System tools==>>System settings)
#click on User accounts.
[[image:User_accounts.png |400px]]
#Click on Unlock button and put a login Ubuntu password
#Click on Unlock button and put a login Ubuntu password
#Click on '''Plus(+)'''symbol and fill the your name and new user account name.
#Click on '''Plus(+)'''symbol and fill the your name and new user account name.
[[Category:Digital literacy]]
[[Category:Digital literacy]]
[[Category:I want to]]
[[Category:I want to]]
[[Category:Ubuntu]]