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From Karnataka Open Educational Resources
→Introduction to Science Laboratory
<mm>[[LABORATORY.mm|Flash]]</mm>
<mm>[[LABORATORY.mm|Flash]]</mm>
=Introduction to Science Laboratory=
One of the important functions of the science laboratory is the deepening of the students understanding that scientific concepts and application are closely related to their own natural environment. In the laboratory the students can be taught more readily to be discriminating in observations, to evaluate evidence of data and to sense the importance of care and skill in the talking of measurements. Laboratory should be represented as an integral part of instruction in science.
One of the important functions of the science laboratory is the deepening of the students understanding that scientific concepts and application are closely related to their own natural environment. In the laboratory the students can be taught more readily to be discriminating in observations, to evaluate evidence of data and to sense the importance of care and skill in the talking of measurements. Laboratory should be represented as an integral part of instruction in science.
Before constructing the laboratory, the following factors should be taken into consideration at the planning stage.
# The number of pupils working at a time.
# The minimum space for each pupil and teacher for comfortable working.
# Need for ancillary accommodation for storage.
# Designing the science class room and laboratory in such a way that it could be used for science teaching.
# Demonstration table.
=Planning of Science laboratories=
In secondary schools, science is taught as a core subject. In addition to this these are three elective subjects i.e., physics, chemistry and biology. The size of the laboratory will depend upon the number of students working at a time in the laboratory. It may be planned according to the need of the school.
==The Physics laboratory :==
The physics laboratory should be equipped with
# Working tables of about 6’x4’x3’ size.
# One demonstration table.
# A wall of black board behind the demonstration table.
# Sinks in the wall.
# Projected platform in the wall for charts.
# Almirahs.
# Bench or desk for pupils.
==The Chemistry laboratory :==
It should have the following equipments
# Working table with shelves, cupboards and with acid proof topics.
# One demonstration table with cupboard and with water and gas fittings.
# Shelves for keeping chemical reagents. These may either be fitted on the working table or in the walls.
# Sinks in the walls or in the working tables.
# A wall of black board.
# A fume cupboard.
# Almirahs.
==The Biology laboratory :==
It should be equipped with
# A demonstration table.
# Stools, sinks, wall black board, almirahs
# Space for aquarium
# Specimens stand or table or shelves.
# Projected platform in the wall for charts.
=Entry of apparatus in the registers=
The articles received should be properly checked and entered in the registers the same day. A correct and properly maintained record of the articles in important to check any articles at any time. The apparatus and material should be entered separately in the article whether permanent, breakable or consumable. The three stock registers can be:
==Permanent stock register:==
In this register entered the all articles purchased from the firm and taken from the department or donators.
==Breakable stock Register:==
This will include the articles of glass-ware such as flasks, beakers, thermometers etc. After the broken enter into or remove the item from permanent stock register.
==Consumable stock register:==
Chemicals, pins, wires, rubber tubes etc will be entered in this register.
Stock verification should be compulsory and conducting at March 31st every year. At that time we will remove the breakable stocks and consumable stocks from Permanent stock register, then certified by head of the institution and lab in charge teacher.
==Slide presentation==
==Slide presentation==
