Text Books Laboratory
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
The printable version is no longer supported and may have rendering errors. Please update your browser bookmarks and please use the default browser print function instead.
NCERT Science Laboratory Manuals
NCERT Science Class IX Laboratory Manuals
Sl No | Topic Name | Page No | Link to the Topic |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Introduction | 1 | Lab Manual Part 1 |
2 | General Laboratory Facilities | 3 | |
3 | Preparing Students for Laboratory Work | 6 | |
4 | General Laboratory Rules | 7 | |
5 | First Aid Treatment | 9 | |
6 | Recording of Experiment | 10 | |
Sl No | UNIT I - MATERIALS | Page No | Link to the Experiments |
1 | To study the different parts of a simple (dissecting) Microscope | 13 | Lab Manual Part 2 |
2 | To study the different parts of a compound Microscope | 16 | |
3 | To determine the density of a liquid (other than water) by using a spring balance and a measuring cylinder | 21 | |
4 | To determine the density of a non-porous solid(insoluble and denser than water) by using a spring balance and a measuring cylinder | 25 | |
5 | To show that gases are readily compressible and liquids are not | 29 | |
6 | To study the changes in state of sublimate solids on heating | 32 | |
7 | To study the process of evaporation | 35 | |
8 | To determine the boiling point of water and melting point of ice | 37 | |
9 | To prepare a saturated solution of common salt in distilled water and to determine its solubility at room temperature | 41 | |
10 | To prepare a solution of common salt of 10% composition by mass | 46 | |
11 | To separate the components of a mixture of sand,common salt and ammonium chloride | 49 | |
12 | To prepare solutions of various substance and to identify them as true solutions and suspension | 53 | |
13 | To prepare a colloidal solution of sulphur and differentiate it from a true solution or from a suspension on the basis of transparency and filtration | 55 | |
14 | To study the process of separation of a mixture of two immiscible liquids | 58 | |
15 | To separate a mixture of two miscible liquids by simple distillation | 60 | |
16 | To differentiate between a mixture (containing two components) and a pure compound | 63 | |
17 | To verify the law of conservation of mass in a chemical reaction | 66 | |
Sl No | UNIT II - THE WORLD OF LIVING | Page No | Link to the Experiments |
1 | To prepare a stained, temporary mount of onion peel and to study the cells | 69 | Lab Manual Part 3 |
2 | To prepare a temporary mount of human cheek epithelial cells, and to study its characteristics | 72 | |
3 | To study the phenomenon of osmosis | 75 | |
4 | To study plasmolysis in leaf epidermal peels of Rhoeo | 78 | |
5 | To test the presence of starch in a given food or Tradescantia. sample and metanil yellow in pigeon pea | 81 | |
6 | To study parenchyma and sclerenchyma tissues in plants by preparing temporary slides | 83 | |
7 | To identify and study striated muscle fibre and nerve fibre in animals | 88 | |
8 | To study the characteristics of Spirogyra, Agaricus, moss, fern, Pinus and an angiosperm plant | 91 | |
9 | To prepare herbarium sheet of a flowering plant | 96 | |
10 | To study the features and draw diagrams of earthworm, cockroach, bony fish and bird | 100 | |
11 | To compare the external features of monocot and dicot Plants | 104 | |
12 | To study the life cycle of a mosquito | 108 | |
13 | To study the life cycle of malarial parasite | 111 | |
14 | To collect and study symptoms of diseases in locally available crop plants | 114 | |
Sl No | UNIT III - MOVING THINGS, PEOPLE AND IDEAS | Page No | Link to the Experiments |
1 | To plot distance–time (s – t) and graph for an object moving with a uniform speed from a given set of s and t data and to determine the speed of the Object | 117 | Lab Manual Part 4 |
2 | To plot the speed–time (v – t) graph for an object moving with uniform accelerations from a given set of v – t data and to determine the acceleration of the moving object and the distance moved by the object | 122 | |
3 | To study the third law of motion using two spring balances | 128 | |
4 | To study the variation in limiting friction with mass and the nature of surfaces in contact | 133 | |
5 | To verify Archimedes’ principle | 139 | |
6 | To establish the relation between the loss in weight of a solid when fully immersed in (i) tap water;(ii)strongly salty water, with the weight of water displaced by it by taking at least two different solids | 144 | |
7 | To plot temperature–time graph for a hot object as it Cools | 149 | |
8 | To study the effect of amplitude on the time period of a simple pendulum | 153 | |
9 | To study the variation in time period of a simple pendulum with its length | 158 | |
10 | To study the effect of mass on the time period of a simple pendulum | 163 | |
11 | To determine the speed of a transverse pulse propagated through a stretched string | 168 | |
12 | To determine the speed of a longitudinal pulse propagated through a stretched slinky | 173 | |
13 | To study the reflection of sound | 180 |
NCERT Science Class X Laboratory Manuals
Sl No | Topic Name | Page No | Link to the Topic |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Introduction | 1 | Lab Manual Part 1 |
2 | General Laboratory Facilities | 3 | |
3 | Preparing Students for Laboratory Work | 7 | |
4 | General Laboratory Rules | 7 | |
5 | First Aid Treatment | 9 | |
6 | Recording of Experiment | 10 | |
Sl No | UNIT I - MATERIALS | Page No | Link to the Experiments |
1 | To study the chemical reaction of an iron nail with aqueous copper sulphate solution; and to study the burning of magnesium ribbon in air | 13 | Lab Manual Part 2 |
2 | To study the following chemical reactions: (a) zinc with sulphuric acid; (b) precipitation reaction between aqueous solution of barium chloride and aqueous solution of sodium sulphate; and (c) thermal decomposition of ammonium chloride in an open container | 18 | |
3 | To measure the change in temperature during chemical reactions and to conclude whether the
reaction is exothermic or endothermic |
25 | |
4 | To study the reactions of hydrochloric acid with zinc metal, sodium carbonate, and sodium hydroxide | 28 | |
5 | To study the reactions of sodium hydroxide with aluminum metal and hydrochloric acid | 32 | |
6 | To show that acids, bases, and salts are electrolytes | 35 | |
7 | To find the pH of the given samples of solutions of solids or fruit juices using pH paper | 39 | |
8 | To identify bleaching powder among given samples of chemicals | 42 | |
9 | To identify washing soda or baking soda among given samples of chemicals | 45 | |
10 | To show that crystals of copper sulphate contain water of crystallisation | 49 | |
11 | To study the interaction of metals such as magnesium, zinc, iron, tin, lead, copper, aluminum (any four) with their salt solutions and to arrange them according to their reactivity | 51 | |
12 | To study the reaction of metals with water under different temperature conditions | 54 | |
13 | To study reaction of metals with dilute acids | 58 | |
14 | To prepare sulpher dioxide gas and study its physical and chemical properties | 61 | |
15 | To prepare carbon dioxide gas and study its physical and chemical properties | 65 | |
16 | To study the process of electrolysis | 69 | |
17 | To study physical and chemical properties of acetic acid (ethanoic acid) | 73 | |
18 | To study esterification reaction between alcohol and carboxylic acid | 76 | |
19 | To study some oxidation reactions of alcohol | 79 | |
20 | To study saponification reaction for preparation of soap | 82 | |
21 | To compare the foaming capacity of different samples of soap | 85 | |
22 | To study the comparative cleansing capacity of a sample of soap in soft and hard water | 89 | |
Sl No | UNIT II - THE WORLD OF THE LIVING | Page No | Link to the Experiments |
23 | To prepare temporary mounts of leaf peels to observe stomata and to differentiate between dicot and monocot stomata | 93 | Lab Manual Part 3 |
24 | To show that light is essential for photosynthesis | 96 | |
25 | To show that carbon dioxide is essential for photosynthesis | 99 | |
26 | To study the liberation of carbon dioxide gas during aerobic respiration | 102 | |
27 | To study the liberation of carbon dioxide gas during fermentation | 108 | |
28 | To study the action of salivary amylase on starch solution | 112 | |
29 | To determine the mass percentage of water imbibed by raisins | 115 | |
30 | To study the phenomenon of phototropism and geotropism in plants | 118 | |
31 | To study binary fission in Amoeba or Paramoecium and budding in yeast or Hydra | 122 | |
32 | To study vegetative propagation in potato, Bryophyllum, and an aquatic plants | 125 | |
33 | To study the parts of a flower and their role in sexual reproduction | 128 | |
Sl No | UNIT III - THE NATURAL PHENOMENON | Page No | Link to the Experiments |
34 | To verify the laws of reflection of light using a plane mirror | 132 | Lab Manual Part 4 |
35 | To draw the images of an object formed by a concave mirror when the object is placed at various positions | 136 | |
36 | To determine the focal length of a concave mirror by obtaining image of a distant object | 142 | |
37 | To study the formation of an image of a lighted candle by a concave mirror, when placed slightly beyond the centre of curvature | 146 | |
38 | To study the formation of an image of a lighted candle by a concave mirror, when placed between the centre of curvature and the principal focus | 151 | |
39 | To study the formation of an image of a lighted candle by a concave mirror, when placed at the centre of curvature | 156 | |
40 | To trace the path of a ray of light passing obliquely through a rectangular glass slab for different angles of incidence and to measure the angle of incidence,angle of refraction, the angle of emergence, and
interpret the results |
161 | |
41 | To trace the path of a ray of light passing obluiquely through a rectangular glass slab and to determine the refreactive index of the glass | 165 | |
42 | To trace the path of a ray of light through a glass prism and to measure the angle of deviation | 170 | |
43 | To draw the images of an object formed by a convex lens when placed at various positions | 174 | |
44 | To determine the focal length of a thin convex lens by obtaining image of a distant object | 180 | |
45 | To study the formation of an image of a lighted candle by a convex lens when placed at a distance slightly more than the twice of the focal length (f) from the optical centre of the lens | 184 | |
46 | To study the formation of an image of a lighted candle by a convex lens when placed at a distance of 2f convex from the optical centre of the convex lens | 189 | |
47 | To study the formation of an image of a lighted candle by a convex lens when placed at a distance less than 2f but more than f from the optical centre of the convex lens | 194 | |
Sl No | UNIT IV - HOW THINGS WORK | Page No | Link to the Experiments |
48 | To study the dependence of the potential difference across a resistor on the current through it and to determine its resistance and to verify the Ohm’s law | 199 | Lab Manual Part 5 |
49 | To study the factors that affects the resistance of a resistor | 204 | |
50 | To determine the equivalent resistance of two resistors connected in series combination | 209 | |
51 | To determine the equivalent resistance of two resistors connected in parallel combination | 213 | |
52 | To draw the magnetic field lines of a bar magnet | 217 | |
53 | To draw the magnetic field lines of a current-carrying straight wire | 221 | |
54 | To study the magnetic field of an electromagnet | 226 | |
55 | To study the force on a current-carrying straight conductor in a magnetic field and to verify that the motion of conductor is according to Fleming's Left Hand Rule | 231 | |
56 | To study the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction | 236 | |
Sl No | UNIT V - PROJECT WORK | Page No | Link to the Experiments |
1 | Types of Project,Some Suggestivve Projects and Exemplar Project Write-Ups | 242 | Lab Manual Part 6 |
2 | Bio-degradable and non-bio-degradable Wastes | 247 | |
3 | Land Area and Leaf Area of a Plant | 250 | |
4 | Rusting of Iron | 253 |