Difference between revisions of "Quadrilaterals"

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''[http://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/index.php/ಚತುರ್ಭುಜಗಳು ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ನೋಡಿ]''</div>
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''[http://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/index.php/ಬಹು_ಭುಜಾಕೃತಿಗಳು ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ನೋಡಿ]''</div>
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[http://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Mathematics:_History The Story of Mathematics]
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|style=" width:10%; border:none; border-radius:5px;box-shadow: 10px 10px 10px #888888; background:#f9f9ff; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; "|[http://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Mathematics:_Philosophy Philosophy of Mathematics]
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[http://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Mathematics:_Pedagogy Teaching of Mathematics]
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[http://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Maths:_Curriculum_and_Syllabus Curriculum and Syllabus]
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[http://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Mathematics:_Topics Topics in School Mathematics]
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[http://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Text_Books#Mathematics_-_Textbooks Textbooks]
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[http://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Maths:_Question_Papers Question Bank]
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While creating a resource page, please click here for a resource creation [http://karnatakaeducation.org.in/KOER/en/index.php/Resource_Creation_Checklist '''checklist'''].
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=== Concept Map ===
 
=== Concept Map ===
 
[[File:Quadrilaterals.mm|flash]]
 
[[File:Quadrilaterals.mm|flash]]

Revision as of 07:28, 27 May 2019

ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ ನೋಡಿ

The Story of Mathematics

Philosophy of Mathematics

Teaching of Mathematics

Curriculum and Syllabus

Topics in School Mathematics

Textbooks

Question Bank

While creating a resource page, please click here for a resource creation checklist.


Concept Map

[maximize]

Additional Resources

OER

  1. List web resources with a  brief description of what it contains; how it can be used and whether it can be by teacher/ student or both
  2. Books and journals
  3. Textbooks
  4. Syllabus documents

Non-OER

  1. List web resources with a  brief description of what it contains; how it can be used and whether it can be by teacher/ student or both
  2. Books and journals
    • Please download 9th standard mathematics textbook of Tamil Nadu state syllabus from the following link and refer the page 89 click here
    • Refer 9th standard mathematics ncert textbook from the following link click here
  3. Textbooks : Karnataka State Text book of mathematics Class 9-Chapter 8:Quadrilaterals
  4. Syllabus documents (CBSE, ICSE, IGCSE etc)

Additional Information

An ortho-diagonal quadrilateral i.e., any quadrilateral whose diagonals are perpendicular to each other possesses certain interesting properties. This article 'Quadrilaterals with Perpendicular Diagonals' by Shailesh Shirali (published in 'At Right Angles' | Vol. 6, No. 2, August 2017) discusses a few of them.

Learning Objectives

  • Introduction to polygons
  • The meaning of quadrilateral
  • Identification of various types of quadrilaterals
  • Different properties of special quadrilaterals
  • Construction of quadrilaterals to given suitable data
  • Finding area of quadrilaterals
  • Introduction to cyclic quadrilaterals

Teaching Outlines

Concept 1: Introduction to Quadrilaterals

The word quadrilateral comes from two latin words "quadri" which means a "variant of 4" and 'latera' which means 'side'. A quadrilateral is a 4 sided figure with 4 sides, 4 angles and 4 vertices.

This topic has its basics in polygons. Try to elicit live examples for quadrilaterals from within classroom, starting from the shape of a textbook. Show the vertices of a rectangular page.  Mark three sets of four  points on the blackboard, one set being collinear and other non-collinear. Call students to join the points of each set of points. This activity will introduce them to the concept of quadrilateral.

Activities #
Introduction to quadrilaterals

This activity explores formation of a quadrilateral and elements related with the shape.

Identifying quadrilaterals

This is an exploration into quadrilaterals. A specific type of quadrilateral can be selected with the check boxes, and any blue dots on each quadrilateral can be dragged to change the shape.

Concept 3: Types of quadrilaterals

Quadrilaterals are of different types. Grouping is made based on the four angle measures and/or sides. Each type is recognised with its characteristic properties. The types include regular, non-regular; convex, concave; parallelogram (square, rectangle, rhombus,) and non-parallelograms (trapezium and kite).

Activities #
"I have - Who has ?"

A hands on group activity that helps in identifying and building vocabulary related to quadrilaterals.

Venn diagrams of quadrilaterals

Classifying quadrilaterals based on their properties and identifying related quadrilaterals with ven-diagram.

Concept 2: Properties of quadrilaterals

There are certain characteristic properties by which a quadrilateral is identified. A quadrilateral is a plane closed figure having 4 sides and 4 angles. The sum of all 4 interior angles of any quadrilateral always equals to 360 degrees.This is called interior angle sum property of a quadrilateral. The sum of all 4 exterior angles of any quadrilateral equals 360 degrees. This is called exterior angle sum property of the quadrilteral. The opposite angles of any quadrilateral are supplementary. If any 3 angles of a quadrilateral are known the fourth angle can be found using angle sum property.

Activities #
Angle sum property of a quadrilateral

Showing the sum of angles of a quadrilaterals by placing the angles of the quadrilateral adjacent to each other with a hand on activity.

Sum of the interior angles of a quadrilateral

The sum of the measures of the angles in any quadrilateral is 4 right angles.

Sum of angles at point of intersection of diagonals in a quadrilateral

A diagonal is the line segment that joins a vertex of a polygon to any of its non-adjacent vertices. This two diagonals of a quadrilateral form angle, this activity explores property of these angles.

Area of a quadrilateral

A diagonal divides a quadrilateral into 2 triangles. Understanding area of a quadrilateral in terms of triangles is done with this activity.

Solved problems/ key questions (earlier was hints for problems).[edit | edit source]

Projects (can include math lab/ science lab/ language lab)[edit | edit source]

Assessments - question banks, formative assessment activities and summative assessment activities[edit | edit source]

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